*Oral anticoagulant option include: Warfarin (Class I, Level B), Dabigatran (Class I, Level B), Apixaban (Class I, level B) and Edoxaban (Class I, Level B).³

†Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban, Apixaban and Edoxaban.³​

AF: atrial fibrillation; AHA: American Heart Association; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; CHA₂DS₂-VASc: congestive heart failure, hypertension, aged​ ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack or thromboembolism, vascular disease, aged 65-74 years, sex category; CKD: chronic​ kidney disease; ESC: European Society of Cardiology; EHRA: European Heart Rhythm Association; GI: gastrointestinal; ICER: Institute for Clinical and Economic​ Review; NICE: National Institute of Health and Care Excellence; NOACs: nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants; QALY: quality-adjusted life year; VTE:​ venous thromboembolism; VKA: vitamin K antagonist.

References: 1. Eliquis 2.5 mg/ 5 mg Egyptian Drug Authority approved leaflet 17/08/2022. Revision Date: February 2022. 2. Granger CB, Alexander JH, McMurray JJ, et al. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(11):981-992. 3. January CT, Wann LS, Calkins H, et al. 2019 AHA/ACC/HRS Focused Update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 019(19):S0735-1097. 4. Steffel J, Verhamme P, Potpara TS, et al. The 2018 European Heart Rhythm Association Practical Guide on the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart 
J. 2018;39(16):1330-1393. 5. Kirchhof P,Benussi S, Kotecha D, et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(38):2893-2962. 6. NICE guidelines 2013. Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ta275/resources/apixabanforpreventing-stroke-and-systemic-embolism-in-people-with-nonvalvular-atrialfibrillation- pdf-82600614137797 Accessed August 2021.